National Council of Applied Economic Research
This study attempts to estimate and analyse the level of health-care expenditure incurred by the state governments and households in the rural sector of the major states in India. It studies the interlinkage between public spending and household spending on health care. The utilisation of public and private facilities has also been analysed to provide... Read More
In the globalised world, international borders ought to be mere lines on the map. But recent studies have shown that informal trade barriers still exist, and inhibit trade, particularly so in the developing countries. This can arise due to a host of factors such as complex customs procedures, which sometimes change, and capacity constraints, given limited facilities and/or... Read More
Using NCAER survey data on Human Development in rural India (HDI) (1994), supplemented by other sources, the paper examines the extent of household expenditure on education by different groups of population and the determinants of family expenditures on education. It also measures the elasticity of household expenditure on education to changes in household income on... Read More
A 23-sector, 3-factor and 9-household group computable general equilibrium (CGE) model with neo-classical closure has been used to analyse the impact of international oil price shock on the welfare and poverty of socio-economic household groups. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to look into the impact of change in the elasticity of substitution between... Read More
Based on the recently completed MIMAP all-India household survey, this paper presents a unique and detailed poverty profile for both rural and urban India. It draws from the survey data, a variety of indicators which characterise the poor and assess the implication for the design and targeting of future social sector programmes in India. This... Read More
The paper analyses methodological issues concerning selection of indicators, making them scale-free and construction of composite indices within the framework of measuring human development. It reviews the existing literature in the area and highlights the key areas of concern from the viewpoint of methodology of aggregation. It discusses the implications of the assumptions underlying different... Read More
The paper presents estimates of maternal mortality derived from the NCAER-HDI survey (1994) for rural areas of India by broad geographical regions and by some selected background characteristics of respondents. According to these estimates, maternal mortality was 544 deaths per one lakh births roughly 12 years before the survey. The maternal mortality ratio was more than 600 in eastern... Read More
Attention has been paid to the significance of the non-farm sector in the rural Indian economy since the early 1970s. The importance of earnings from secondary non-farm occupations is not well documented. In this paper an attempt is made to assess the contribution of the nonfarm sector across population quintiles defined in terms of average... Read More
In India, utilisation of basic health services has remained poor. The reasons may be low levels of household income, high illiteracy and ignorance, and a host of traditional factors. In this paper, an attempt is made to discuss the issues associated with the demand and supply of the five measures of maternity care: antenatal care,... Read More
This paper first presents evidence to show that in recent years there has been a substantial fall in fertility among illiterate women in India. Subsequently, using the data from the Human Development Profile Survey of 1994, it shows that child schooling among illiterate parents is inversely related to family size and positively related to contraceptive... Read More
