Indermit Gill is Vice President for Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions at the World Bank. Between 2016 and 2021, he was a professor of public policy at Duke University and non-resident Senior Fellow in the Global Economy and Development program at the Brookings Institution. Gill worked at the World Bank from 1993 to 2016, where his assignments included Director of Development Policy in Development Economics; Chief Economist for Europe and Central Asia; Staff Director for the 2009 World Development Report on Economic Geography, Acting Chief Economist for East Asia and the Pacific; and Principal Country Economist for Brazil. He has published extensively on issues of middle-income countries, developing country debt, economic growth, managing natural resource wealth, labour markets and inequality. His pioneering work includes developing the concept of the “middle income trap” to describe how developing countries can stagnate after reaching a certain level of income.

He has a Ph.D. and A.M. in economics from the University of Chicago, an M.A. from the Delhi School of Economics, and a B.A. in economics from St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi. He has taught at Duke, Georgetown University, the State University of New York at Buffalo and the University of Chicago.